antibody

AMP Activated Protein Kinase alpha (AMPKa) discontinued

A1475-04

100 ul

polyclonal

domestic rabbit

nonconjugated

AMP Activated Protein Kinase alpha (AMPKa) discontinued

rabbit

Pab

Antibodies

100 ul

IgG

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly conserved from yeast to plants and animals and plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis (1). AMPK is a heterotrimeric complex composed of a catalytic alpha subunit and regulatory beta and gamma subunits, each of which is encoded by two or three distinct genes (a1, 2; b1, 2; g1, 2, 3) (2). The kinase is activated by an elevated AMP/ATP ratio due to cellular and environmental stress, such as heat shock, hypoxia and ischemia (1). The tumor suppressor LKB1, in association with accessory proteins STRAD and MO25, phosphorylates AMPK-alpha at Thr172 in the activation loop and this phosphorylation is required for AMPK activation (3-5). AMPK-alpha is also phosphorylated at Thr258 and Ser485 (for a1; Ser491 for a2). The upstream kinase and the biological significance of these phosphorylation events have yet to be elucidated (6). The beta1 subunit is post-translationally modified by myristoylation and multi-site phosphorylation including Ser24/25, Ser96, Ser101, Ser108 and Ser182 (6,7). Phosphorylation at Ser108 of the beta1 subunit seems to be required for the activation of AMPK enzyme, while phosphorylation at Ser24/25 and Ser182 affects AMPK localization (7). Several mutations in AMPK-gamma subunits have been identified, most of which are located in the putative AMP/ATP binding sites (CBS or Bateman domains). Mutations at these sites lead to reduction of AMPK activity and cause glycogen accumulation in heart or skeletal muscle (1,2). Accumulating evidence indicates that AMPK not only regulates the metabolism of fatty acids and glycogen, but also modulates protein synthesis and cell growth through EF2 and TSC2/mTOR pathways, as well as blood flow via eNOS/nNOS (1). Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications have not been tested. Recommended Dilution: Western Blot: 1:1000 Immunoprecipitation: 1:100 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

Hm Hu Mk Mo Rt

Synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of human AMPK-alpha.

Recognizes endogenous levels of human AMPK-alpha protein levels. Detects both the alpha-1 and alpha-2 isoforms of the catalytic subunit. Does not detect the regulatory beta or gamma subunits. Species crossreactivity: mouse, monkey, hamster and rat.

Purified by Protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Supplied as liquid in 10mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.1mg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol. No preservative added.

Not determined

Product Type: Pab Isotype: IgG Host: rabbit Source: human Concentration: Not determined Form: Supplied as liquid in 10mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.1mg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol. No preservative added. Purity: Purified by Protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of human AMPK-alpha. Specificity: Recognizes endogenous levels of human AMPK-alpha protein levels. Detects both the alpha-1 and alpha-2 isoforms of the catalytic subunit. Does not detect the regulatory beta or gamma subunits. Species crossreactivity: mouse, monkey, hamster and rat. Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.

E IP WB

-20°C

1. Hardie, D.G. (2004) J Cell Sci 117, 5479-87. 2. Carling, D. (2004) Trends Biochem Sci 29, 18-24. 3. Hawley, S.A. et al. (1996) J Biol Chem 271, 27879-87. 4. Lizcano, J.M. et al. (2004) EMBO J 23, 833-43. 5. Shaw, R.J. et al. (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101, 3329-35. 6. Woods, A. et al. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 28434-42. 7. Warden, S.M. et al. (2001) Biochem J 354, 275-83.

https://usbio-images.r.worldssl.net/prodimages/26/A1475-04_1.jpg