protein

Haptoglobin, Human Plasma (Mixed Type)

MBS844021

1 mg

155 USD

Protein

Haptoglobin, Human Plasma (Mixed Type)

[Haptoglobin(Mixed Type)]

[Haptoglobin b-Chain; haptoglobin a-chain; Hp; Bp]

[haptoglobin isoform 2 preproprotein; Haptoglobin; haptoglobin; haptoglobin; Zonulin]

[HP]

[HP; HP; BP; HPA1S; HP2ALPHA2]

HPT_HUMAN

Human Plasma

347

> 95% by SDS-PAGE

Salt-free lyophilized solid.

Store at -20°C or lower. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing cycles.

Testing Data

Host Note: Prepared from plasma shown to be non-reactive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests. Extinction Coefficient: 1.20

Proteins and Enzymes; Native Proteins Proteins and Enzymes; Proteins and Enzymes (A-Z)Proteins and Enzymes; Other Proteins & Enzymes

Background: An acute-phase plasma protein found in human plasma at 100-300 mg per 100 ml. Binds hemoglobin, thus preventing loss of iron through the kidneys. Humans are polymorphic for haptoglobin, with three major phenotypes: Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, and Hp 2-2. While the phenotypic distribution can vary greatly between ethnicities and geographic location, the Hp 2-1 phenotype is the most prevalent phenotype in humans. Plasma concentrations of haptoglobin are highest in individuals with Hp 1-1, intermediate in Hp 2-1 individuals, and lowest in Hp 2-2 individuals. Hp 1-1 is the most effective at binding hemoglobin, and Hp 2-2 is the least effective. This functional difference may be associated with the frequency and severity of epilepsy attacks, as researchers have found a correlation between recurring seizures and the Hp 2-2 phenotype.

186910296

NP_001119574.1

NM_001126102.1

P00738

Hp 1-1: 86 kDa; Hp 2-1: 200 kDa; Hp 2-2: 400 kDa

This gene encodes a preproprotein, which is processed to yield both alpha and beta chains, which subsequently combine as a tetramer to produce haptoglobin. Haptoglobin functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. Mutations in this gene and/or its regulatory regions cause ahaptoglobinemia or hypohaptoglobinemia. This gene has also been linked to diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, inflammatory disease behavior, primary sclerosing cholangitis, susceptibility to idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and a reduced incidence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The protein encoded also exhibits antimicrobial activity against bacteria. A similar duplicated gene is located next to this gene on chromosome 16. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

HP: Haptoglobin combines with free plasma hemoglobin, preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin, while making the hemoglobin accessible to degradative enzymes. Defects in HP are the cause of anhaptoglobinemia (AHP). AHP is a condition characterized by the absence of the serum glycoprotein haptoglobin. Serum levels of haptoglobin vary among normal persons: levels are low in the neonatal period and in the elderly, differ by population, and can be influenced by environmental factors, such as infection. Secondary hypohaptoglobinemia can occur as a consequence of hemolysis, during which haptoglobin binds to free hemoglobin. Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide. Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 16q22.2. Cellular Component: extracellular space; extracellular region. Molecular Function: antioxidant activity; protein binding; hemoglobin binding; catalytic activity. Biological Process: receptor-mediated endocytosis; response to hydrogen peroxide; metabolic process; immune system process; defense response to bacterium; negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity; acute-phase response; defense response. Disease: Anhaptoglobinemia

1 mg

155 USD