ELISA/assay

Human NF-kB p65 (Nuclear Factor Kappa B p65) Pre-Coated ELISA Kit

MBS669206

96 Tests

590 USD

ELISA Kit

Human NF-kB p65 (Nuclear Factor Kappa B p65) Pre-Coated ELISA Kit

[NF-kB p65 (Nuclear Factor Kappa B p65)]

[nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 2 proprotein; Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit; nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1; DNA-binding factor KBF1; EBP-1; Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1]

[NFKB1; NFKB1; p50; KBF1; p105; EBP-1; CVID12; NF-kB1; NFKB-p50; NFkappaB; NF-kappaB; NFKB-p105; NF-kappa-B]

Human

968

ELISA (EIA)

Typical Testing Data/Standard Curve (for reference only)

Kits and Reagents

Background/Introduction: Oxidative stress is a physiological condition where there is an imbalance between concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. However, excessive ROS accumulation will lead to cellular injury, such as damage to DNA, proteins, and lipid membranes. The cellular damage caused by ROS has been implicated in the development of many disease states, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Under normal physiological conditions, cellular ROS generation is counterbalanced by the action of cellular antioxidant enzymes and other redox molecules. Because of their potential harmful effects, excessive ROS must be promptly eliminated from the cells by this variety of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Antioxidants include both hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules for metabolizing ROS. Although the products of ROS-induced oxidative stress are extensively used to monitor the effects of oxidative stress, it is also important to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of biological fluids, cells, and extracts. The Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC) Assay is a classic tool for measuring the antioxidant capacity of biomolecules from a variety of samples. The ORAC Activity Assay is based on the oxidation of a fluorescent probe by peroxyl radicals by way of a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process. Peroxyl radicals are produced by a free radical initiator, which quenches the fluorescent probe over time. Antioxidants present in the assay work to block the peroxyl radical oxidation of the fluorescent probe until the antioxidant activity in the sample is depleted. The remaining peroxyl radicals destroy the fluorescence of the fluorescent probe. This assay continues until completion, which means both the antioxidant's inhibition time and inhibition percentage of free radical damage is a single value. The sample antioxidant capacity correlates to the fluorescence decay curve, which is usually represented as the area under the curve (AUC). The AUC is used to quantify the total peroxyl radical antioxidant activity in a sample and is compared to an antioxidant standard curve of the water soluble vitamin E analog Trolox (see Assay Principle below). OxiSelect ORAC Activity Assay is a fast and reliable kit for the direct measurement of ORAC antioxidant capacity from cell lysate, plasma, serum, tissue homogenates, and food extracts. Each kit provides sufficient reagents to perform up to 192 assays, including blanks, antioxidant standards and unknown samples. The assay is designed for use in single plate microplate readers as well as readers with high-throughput capabilities. Please read the complete kit insert prior to performing the assay.

984880773

NP_001306155.1

NM_001319226.1

P19838

85,520 Da

AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway In Diabetic Complications (1319988); AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway In Diabetic Complications (1319775); AGE/RAGE Pathway (698754); Activated TLR4 Signalling Pathway (1269236); Activation Of NF-kappaB In B Cells Pathway (1269186); Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathway (83117); Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathway (529); Adaptive Immune System Pathway (1269171); Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway (83093); Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway (505)

This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-kappa-B (NFKB) protein complex. NFKB is a transcription regulator that is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NFKB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates the expression of genes involved in a wide variety of biological functions. Inappropriate activation of NFKB has been associated with a number of inflammatory diseases while persistent inhibition of NFKB leads to inappropriate immune cell development or delayed cell growth. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms, at least one of which is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. NF-kappa-B heterodimeric p65-p50 and RelB-p50 complexes are transcriptional activators. The NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer is a transcriptional repressor, but can act as a transcriptional activator when associated with BCL3. NFKB1 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p105 and generation of p50 by a cotranslational processing. The proteasome-mediated process ensures the production of both p50 and p105 and preserves their independent function, although processing of NFKB1/p105 also appears to occur post-translationally. p50 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. In a complex with MAP3K8, NFKB1/p105 represses MAP3K8-induced MAPK signaling; active MAP3K8 is released by proteasome-dependent degradation of NFKB1/p105.

96 Tests

590 USD