protein

Apolipoprotein E3, Recombinant, Human (Apo E3)

MBS635629

0.05 mg

285 USD

Recombinant Protein

Apolipoprotein E3, Recombinant, Human (Apo E3)

Apolipoprotein E3

apolipoprotein E; Apolipoprotein E; apolipoprotein E; apo-E; apolipoprotein E3; apolipoprotein E

APOE; APOE; AD2; LPG; LDLCQ5; Apo-E

APOE_HUMAN

E Coli

HMKVEQVVETEPEPELRQQAEWQSGQRWELALGRFWDYL
RWVQTLSEQVQEELLSSQVTQELTALMDETMKELKAYKS
ELEEQLTPVAEETRARLSKELQAAQARLGADMEDVRGRL
VQYRGEVQAMLGQSTEELRARLASHLRKLRKRLLRDADD
LQKRLAVYQAGAREGAERGVSAIRERLGPLVEQGRVRAA
TVGSVAGKPLQERAQAWGERLRARMEEMGSRTRDRLDEV
KEQVAEVRAKLEEQAQQIRLQAEAFQARLKSWFEPLVED
MQRQWAGLVEKVQAAVGTSAAPVPSDNH

Purified. >90% (SDS-PAGE and HPLC)

Supplied as a a lyophilized powder from 20mM sodium phosphate. Reconstitute in 5mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.8, 0.5mMDTT to a concentration of 0.1-1mg/ml.

Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degree C. Stable for 12 months after receipt at -20 degree C. Reconstitute with 5mM Sodium phosphate, pH 7.8, 0.5mM DTT. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degree C. Reconstitued product is stable for 6 months at -20 degree C.

Endotoxin Level: <0.1ng/ug

Molecular Biology; MB-Lipoproteins

ApoE belongs to a group of proteins that bind reversibly with lipoprotein and play an important role in lipid metabolism. In addition to facilitating solublization of lipids, these proteins help to maintain the structural integrity of lipoproteins, serve as ligands for lipoprotein receptors, and regulate the activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. Significant quantities of ApoE are produced in liver and brain and to some extent in almost every organ. ApoE is an important constituent of all plasma lipoproteins. It's interaction with specific ApoE receptor enables uptake of chylomicron remnants by liver cells, which is an essential step during normal lipid metabolism. It also binds with the LDL receptor (apo B/E). Defects in ApoE are a cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type III. ApoE exists in three major isoforms; E2, E3, and E4, which differ from one another by a single amino-acid substitution. E3 is the most common isoform and is present in 40-90% of the population. Recombinant human ApoE3 is a 34.0kD protein containing 299 amino acid residues.

4557325

NP_000032.1

NM_000041.2

P02649

34kD

Alzheimer's Disease Pathway (83097); Alzheimer's Disease Pathway (509); Alzheimers Disease Pathway (672448); Binding And Uptake Of Ligands By Scavenger Receptors Pathway (771599); Chylomicron-mediated Lipid Transport Pathway (106157); Disease Pathway (530764); Diseases Associated With Visual Transduction Pathway (771581); HDL-mediated Lipid Transport Pathway (106158); Lipid Digestion, Mobilization, And Transport Pathway (106111); Lipoprotein Metabolism Pathway (106156)

Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

APOE: Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues. Defects in APOE are a cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type 3 (HLPP3); also known as familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Individuals with HLPP3 are clinically characterized by xanthomas, yellowish lipid deposits in the palmar crease, or less specific on tendons and on elbows. The disorder rarely manifests before the third decade in men. In women, it is usually expressed only after the menopause. The vast majority of the patients are homozygous for APOE*2 alleles. More severe cases of HLPP3 have also been observed in individuals heterozygous for rare APOE variants. The influence of APOE on lipid levels is often suggested to have major implications for the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Individuals carrying the common APOE*4 variant are at higher risk of CAD. Genetic variations in APOE are associated with Alzheimer disease type 2 (AD2). It is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, loss of cognitive abilities, and deposition of fibrillar amyloid proteins as intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques and vascular amyloid deposits. The major constituent of these plaques is the neurotoxic amyloid-beta-APP 40-42 peptide (s), derived proteolytically from the transmembrane precursor protein APP by sequential secretase processing. The cytotoxic C-terminal fragments (CTFs) and the caspase-cleaved products such as C31 derived from APP, are also implicated in neuronal death. The APOE*4 allele is genetically associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer disease. Risk for AD increased from 20% to 90% and mean age at onset decreased from 84 to 68 years with increasing number of APOE*4 alleles in 42 families with late onset AD. Thus APOE*4 gene dose is a major risk factor for late onset AD and, in these families, homozygosity for APOE*4 was virtually sufficient to cause AD by age 80. The mechanism by which APOE*4 participates in pathogenesis is not known. Defects in APOE are a cause of sea-blue histiocyte disease (SBHD); also known as sea-blue histiocytosis. This disorder is characterized by splenomegaly, mild thrombocytopenia and, in the bone marrow, numerous histiocytes containing cytoplasmic granules which stain bright blue with the usual hematologic stains. The syndrome is the consequence of an inherited metabolic defect analogous to Gaucher disease and other sphingolipidoses. Defects in APOE are a cause of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG). LPG is an uncommon kidney disease characterized by proteinuria, progressive kidney failure, and distinctive lipoprotein thrombi in glomerular capillaries. It mainly affects people of Japanese and Chinese origin. The disorder has rarely been described in Caucasians. Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family. Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Lipid-binding; Secreted. Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13.2. Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; microtubule; extracellular space; lysosome; endoplasmic reticulum; early endosome; dendrite; extracellular region; nuclear envelope; extracellular matrix; chylomicron; extrinsic to external side of plasma membrane; membrane; cell soma; cytoplasm; late endosome; plasma membrane; nucleus; vesicle. Molecular Function: heparin binding; lipid transporter activity; identical protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; metal chelating activity; beta-amyloid binding; cholesterol binding; antioxidant activity; protein binding; low-density lipoprotein receptor binding; hydroxyapatite binding; cholesterol transporter activity; phospholipid binding; tau protein binding; lipid binding. Biological Process: lipoprotein catabolic process; phototransduction, visible light; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; cGMP-mediated signaling; positive regulation of axon extension; axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system; positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; synaptic transmission, cholinergic; intracellular transport; triacylglycerol catabolic process; oligodendrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; cholesterol catabolic process; long-chain fatty acid transport; cholesterol metabolic process; regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; negative regulation of blood coagulation; lipoprotein metabolic process; regulation of axon extension; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; maintenance of cellular localization; response to reactive oxygen species; cholesterol homeostasis; response to ethanol; positive regulation of cGMP biosynthetic process; lipoprotein biosynthetic process; regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; protein import; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity; response to dietary excess; vasodilation; response to insulin stimulus; positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor catabolic process; phospholipid efflux; retinoid metabolic process; negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process; aging; receptor-mediated endocytosis; response to retinoic acid; negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; neurite regeneration; cholesterol efflux; cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; reverse cholesterol transport; triacylglycerol metabolic process; fatty acid homeostasis; negative regulation of inflammatory response; artery morphogenesis. Disease: Macular Degeneration, Age-related, 1; Alzheimer Disease 2; Alzheimer Disease 4; Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy; Sea-blue Histiocyte Disease

0.05 mg

285 USD