antibody

TLR2, Mouse, mAb T2.5

MBS584223

0.1 mg

610 USD

monoclonal

mouse

nonconjugated

immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, FACS

Antibody

TLR2, Mouse, mAb T2.5

[TLR2]

[TLR2, CD282, TIL4]

[toll-like receptor 2; Toll-like receptor 2; toll-like receptor 2; toll/interleukin 1 receptor-like 4; toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like protein 4; toll-like receptor 2; Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like protein 4; CD_antigen: CD282]

[TLR2]

[TLR2; TLR2; TIL4; CD282; TIL4]

TLR2_HUMAN

Monoclonal

Mouse IgG1

Mouse

Human TLR2

784

1 ml (100 ug/ml) 0.2 um filtered antibody solution in PBS, containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin. The endotoxin concentratrion is <24 EU/mg, determined with LAL Assay.

Product should be stored at 4°C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for one year.

F, Flow Cytometry (FC/FACS), FS, Immunoassay (IA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunopreciptation (IP)

F 3,7 . FC 1,3,4,5 . FS 1,2,6,9,10 . IA 7 . IF 3,7 . IP 3 . . Dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50. For functional studies, in vitro dilutions have to be optimized in user's experimental setting. IHC-F: 6 um sections were fixed with acetone. Sections were blocked with goat serum and exposed o/n with T2.5. FC: 4*10 4 leukocytes/ml were stained for 30 minutes at 4°C. FS: mice were injected i.p. with 1 mg T2.5, after 1h incubation mice were challenged; T2.5 5 ug/ml was added to cell culture. IP: 40 ug cleared protein was incubated with 2 ug T2.5 for 1h at 4°C. IA: T2.5 can be used as a detector.

Testing Data (TD)

Testing Data (TD)

Immunogen: Mouse TLR2 peptide

Positive Control: RAW264.7 cells. Negative Control: CHO cells.

Product Description: The monoclonal antibody T2.5 recognizes human Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. At present, ligands for several of the TLR's, such as TLR2-6,9, have been identified, confirming their role in first line defense against invading microorganism. In mammals, TLRs are identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with an extracellular portion containing leucine-rich repeats with pattern recognition capabilities. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing proliferation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules and eventually toinitiation of adaptive immunity. TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. It is suggested that TLR2 is able to recognize such a wide variety of PAMPs (pathogen-specific molecular patterns) by forming heterodimers with other TLRs like e.g. TLR6. TLR2 is essential for recognizing lipopeptides and lipoproteins from several microorganisms and also peptidoglycans derived from gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2.

1. Meng, G et al; Antagonistic antibody prevents toll-like receptor 2-driven lethal shock-like syndromes. J Clin Invest 2004, 113: 1473 2. Roura-Mir, C et al; Mycobacterium tuberculosis regulates CD1 antigen presentation pathways through TLR-2. J Immunol 2005, 175: 1758. 3. Leemans, J et al; Renal-associated TLR2 mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the kidney. J Clin Invest 2005 115: 2894. 4. Spiller, S et al; TLR4-induced IFN- production increases TLR2 sensitivity and drives Gram-negative sepsis in mice. JEM 2008, 205: 1747. 5. Sutmuller, R et al; Toll-like receptor 2 controls expansion and function of regulatory T-cells. J Clin Invest 2006, 116:485. 6. Brull, F et al; TLR2 activation is essential to induce a Th1 shift in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by plant stanols and plant sterols. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:2951. 7. Guan, Y et al; Human TLRs 10 and 1 share common mechanism of innate immune sensing but not signaling. J Immunol 2010, 184:5094

19718734

NP_003255.2

NM_003264.3

89,838 Da

Activated TLR4 Signalling Pathway (106400); Amoebiasis Pathway (167324); Amoebiasis Pathway (167191); Beta Defensins Pathway (530759); Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis) Pathway (147809); Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis) Pathway (147795); Defensins Pathway (530757); Hepatitis B Pathway (694606); Herpes Simplex Infection Pathway (377873); Herpes Simplex Infection Pathway (377865)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is expressed most abundantly in peripheral blood leukocytes, and mediates host response to Gram-positive bacteria and yeast via stimulation of NF-kappaB. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TLR2: Cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins and other microbial cell wall components. Cooperates with TLR1 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. May also promote apoptosis in response to lipoproteins. Recognizes mycoplasmal macrophage- activating lipopeptide-2kD (MALP-2), soluble tuberculosis factor (STF), phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) and B.burgdorferi outer surface protein A lipoprotein (OspA-L) cooperatively with TLR6. Interacts with LY96, TLR1 and TLR6 (via extracellular domain). Binds MYD88 (via TIR domain). Interacts with TICAM1. Ligand binding induces the formation of a heterodimer with TLR1. Interacts with CNPY3. Highly expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes, in particular in monocytes, in bone marrow, lymph node and in spleen. Also detected in lung and in fetal liver. Levels are low in other tissues. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. Protein type: Apoptosis; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cell surface; Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc. Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q32. Cellular Component: cell surface; cell projection; integral to plasma membrane; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; external side of plasma membrane. Molecular Function: peptidoglycan binding; protein binding; transmembrane receptor activity; protein heterodimerization activity; triacylated lipoprotein binding; lipopolysaccharide receptor activity; receptor activity; pattern recognition receptor activity; diacylated lipoprotein binding. Biological Process: positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of leukocyte migration; response to toxin; leukotriene metabolic process; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; detection of triacylated bacterial lipoprotein; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway; negative regulation of interleukin-12 production; detection of diacylated bacterial lipoprotein; cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of chemokine production; toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway; defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; myelin formation in the central nervous system; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; I-kappaB phosphorylation; response to progesterone stimulus; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; apoptosis; microglial cell activation; response to molecule of fungal origin; signal transduction; positive regulation of interleukin-18 production; nitric oxide metabolic process; response to insulin stimulus; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of cell proliferation; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; inflammatory response; positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process; positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; induction by symbiont of defense-related host nitric oxide production; MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of interleukin-17 production; response to hypoxia; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; immune response; chloramphenicol transport; positive regulation of cytokine secretion; positive regulation of inflammatory response. Disease: Leprosy, Susceptibility To, 3; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility To

0.1 mg

610 USD