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protein

Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Recombinant

MBS553095

0.01 mg

145 USD

MBS553095

Recombinant Protein

Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Recombinant

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

tnf-a; tumor necrosis factor; Cachectin; tnfa

tumor necrosis factor; Tumor necrosis factor; Cachectin; TNF-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; TNF-aCleaved into the following 6 chains:Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Alternative name(s):; N-terminal fragment

TNF

TNF; TNFA; TNFSF2; TNF-a; NTF; ICD1; ICD2

TNFA_HUMAN

E Coli

233

MSTESMIRDV ELAEEALPKK TGGPQGSRRC LFLSLFSFLI VAGATTLFCL LHFGVIGPQR EEFPRDLSLI SPLAQAVRSS SRTPSDKPVA HVVANPQAEG QLQWLNRRAN ALLANGVELR DNQLVVPSEG LYLIYSQVLF KGQGCPSTHV LLTHTISRIA VSYQTKVNLL SAIKSPCQRE TPEGAEAKPW YEPIYLGGVF QLEKGDRLSA EINRPDYLDF AESGQVYFGI IAL

>95%, as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC

TNF-a was lyophilized from a 0.2um filtered concentrated (1mg/ml) solution in PBS, pH 7.2.

The lyophilized protein is stable for at least 2 years from date of receipt at -20 degree C. Upon reconstitution, this cytokine can be stored in working aliquots at 2 degree - 8 degree C for one month, or at -20 degree C for six months, with a carrier protein without detectable loss of activity. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Domain: TNF. Host Note: Optimized DNA sequence encoding Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha mature chain was expressed in Escherichia Coli.

Endotoxin: Endotoxin content was assayed using a LAL gel clot method. Endotoxin level was found to be less than 0.1 ng/ug (1EU/ug). Reconstitution: A quick spin of the vial followed by reconstitution in distilled water to a concentration not less than 0.1 mg/mL. This solution can then be diluted into other buffers. Molecular Weight Note: Native human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha is generated by the proteolytic removal of the signal peptide and propeptide, this molecule has a calculated mass of approximately 17kDa. Recombinant TNF-alpha is a disulfide-linked monomer protein, consisting of 158 amino acids and migrates as an approximately 17 kDa protein under reducing conditions.

Cytokines

Tumor Necrosis Factor is secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells, NK- cells following their stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Cells expressing CD4 secrete TNF- alpha while CD8 (+) cells secrete little or no TNF- alpha. Stimulated peripheral neutrophilic granulocytes but also unstimulated cells and also a number of transformed cell lines, astrocytes, microglial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts also secrete TNF. Human milk also contains this factor.

tak1-mediated serine/threonine phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor via p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase: nf-b-independent survival pathways in tumor necrosis factor alpha signaling . Mol. Cell. Biol., Oct 2009; 29: 5529 - 5539. tumor necrosis factor--mediated regulation of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor promoter . J. Biol. Chem., Oct 2009; 284: 27557 - 27566. trovafloxacin enhances TNF -induced inflammatory stress and cell death signaling and reduces TNF clearance in a murine model of idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity . Toxicol. Sci., Oct 2009; 111: 288 - 301. TNF - inhibition attenuates adverse myocardial remodeling in a rat model of volume overload . Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, Oct 2009; 297: H1462 - H1468. TNF inhibits apoptotic cell clearance in the lung, exacerbating acute inflammation . Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, Oct 2009; 297: L586 - L595.

25952111

NP_000585.2

NM_000594.3

P01375

25,644 Da

Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway 83093!!Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway 505!!Adipogenesis Pathway 198832!!African Trypanosomiasis Pathway 194384!!African Trypanosomiasis Pathway 194323!!Allograft Rejection Pathway 83123!!Allograft Rejection Pathway 535!!Alzheimer's Disease Pathway 83097!!Alzheimer's Disease Pathway 509!!Amoebiasis Pathway 167324

Function: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Ref.24The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. Ref.24. Subunit structure: Homotrimer. Interacts with SPPL2B. Ref.25. Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Ref.24. Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Ref.24. Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form: Secreted Ref.24. C-domain 1: Secreted Ref.24. C-domain 2: Secreted Ref.24. Post-translational modification: The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing. The membrane-bound form is further proteolytically processed by SPPL2A or SPPL2B through regulated intramembrane proteolysis producing TNF intracellular domains (ICD1 and ICD2) released in the cytosol and TNF C-domain 1 and C-domain 2 secreted into the extracellular space.The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane form occurs by binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR1. Ref.18 Ref.19O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid. Ref.15. Polymorphism: Genetic variations in TNF influence susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [. MIM:610424].Genetic variations in TNF are involved in susceptibility to malaria [. MIM:611162]. Involvement in disease: Psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]: An inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoidlike pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis).Note: Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Sequence similarities: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. Sequence caution: The sequence AAF71992.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 91 and 157. The sequence CAA75070.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

0.01 mg

145 USD