antibody

Anti-Testicular Receptor 2 (TR2)

MBS502158

0.1 mL

300 USD

polyclonal

rabbit

nonconjugated

human, mouse, rat

Antibody

Anti-Testicular Receptor 2 (TR2)

Testicular Receptor 2 (TR2)

nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 1; Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 1; nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 1; mTR2; 80-3 cNDA; testicular receptor 2; orphan receptor, TR2-11; orphan nuclear receptor TR2; early embryonic nuclear receptor; nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group H, member 1; nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 1; Orphan nuclear receptor TR2; Testicular receptor 2

NR2C1

Nr2c1; Nr2c1; TR2; 80.3; Eenr; Tr2-11; 4831444H07Rik; Tr2; Tr2-11; mTR2

NR2C1_MOUSE

Polyclonal

Rabbit

Human, mouse, rat

590

Specific for the ~64 kDa TR2 protein in Western blots of testes and nuclear extracts from MEL cell lines.

Neat Serum

neat serum

Store at -20 degree C in undiluted aliquots; stable for at least one year after date of receipt. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

Western Blot (WB)

Quality Control: Western blots performed on each lot. WB: 1:1,000

Antigen: Fusion protein from N-terminal peptide of mouse TR2. Immunogen Information: Fusion protein from the N-terminal region of mouse TR2. Immunogen Species: Mouse

Species Reactivity Note: The antibody has been directly tested for reactivity in mouse, human and rat. Biological Significance: Testicular receptor 2 (TR2) is a member of the orphan nuclear receptor family. It is widely expressed at a low level throughout the adult testis. TR2 represses transcription and binds DNA directly interacting with HDAC3 and HDAC4 via DNA-binding domains (Franco et al., 2003). TR2 has also been implicated in regulation of estrogen receptor activity in mammary glands (Hun et al., 2002). In addition, TR2 has recently been shown to form a heterodimer with TR4 that can bind to the direct repeat 6 element of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) enhancer II region thus suppressing HBV gene expression (Lin et al., 2008).

Rabbit polyclonal antibody

Franco PJ, Li G, Wei LN (2003) Interaction of nuclear receptor zinc finger DNA binding domains ith histone deacetylase. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 206(1-2):1-12. Hu YC, Shyr CR, Che W, Mu XM, Kim E, Chang C. (2002) Suppression of estrogen receptor- mediated transcription and cell growth by interaction with TR2 orphan receptor. J Biol Chem. 002 277(37):33571-9. Lin TJ, Yang RY, Lee HJ. (2008) Collective repression of the hepatitis B virus enhancer II by human TR4 and TR2 orphan receptors. Hepatol Res. 38(1):79-84. Tanabe O, McPhee D, Kobayashi S, Shen Y, Brandt W, Jiang X, Campbell AD, Chen YT, Chang C, Yamamoto M, Tanimoto K, Engel JD. "Embryonic and fetal beta-globin gene repression by the orphan nuclear receptors, TR2 and TR4." EMBO J. 2007, 26:2295-306.

171846245

NP_035759.3

NM_011629.3

Q505F1

64

Gene Expression Pathway (927173); Generic Transcription Pathway (927174); Nuclear Receptor Transcription Pathway (927176); PluriNetWork Pathway (198307)

Function: Orphan nuclear receptor. Binds the IR7 element in the promoter of its own gene in an autoregulatory negative feedback mechanism. Primarily repressor of a broad range of genes including ESR1 and RARB. Together with NR2C2, forms the core of the DRED (direct repeat erythroid-definitive) complex that represses embryonic and fetal globin transcription. Binds to hormone response elements (HREs) consisting of two 5'-AGGTCA-3' half site direct repeat consensus sequences . By similarity. Also activator of OCT4 gene expression. Plays a fundamental role in early embryogenesis and regulates embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Mediator of retinoic acid-regulated preadipocyte proliferation. Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.23. Subunit structure: Homodimer. Heterodimer; with NR2C2 which is required for chromatin remodeling and for binding to promoter regions such as globin DR1 repeats. Interacts with ESR1; the interaction prevents homodimerization of ESR1 and suppresses its transcriptional activity and cell growth . By similarity. Interacts with NRIP1 (via its LXXLL motifs); the interaction provides corepressor activity. Interacts with HDAC3 (via the DNA-binding domain); the interaction recruits phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation. Interacts with HDAC4 (via the DNA-binding domain). Interacts with PIAS1; the interaction is required for sumoylation of NR2C1. Interacts with UBE2I; the interaction is required for sumoylation of NR2C1. Interacts with KAT2B; the interaction acts as a corepressor of gene expression. Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.22 Ref.24. Subcellular location: Nucleus. Nucleus PML body. Note: Recruited by HDAC3, after all-trans retinoic acid stimulated MAPK1-mediated Thr-210 phosphorylation, to PML bodies for subsequent sumoylation. Ref.12 Ref.14 Ref.20 Ref.24. Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 is highly expressed in the adlumenal compartment of the seminiferous tubule of adult testes (at protein level) and in the eyes of newborn animals. Weakly expressed in other adult organs including the seminal vesicle, prostate, ovary, adrenal gland, heart, thymus, placenta and brain. Expressed during embryonic stages in developing eyes, brain and cartilage primordia (at protein level). Also expressed in the developing spinal motor neurons and in the sympathetic-, parasympathetic- and sensory ganglia of the embryonic PNS. Expressed in the developing neural epithelia of the inner ear, nasal cavity, tongue and retina. At day 16.5, expressed in various tissues including kidney and intestine. In contrast, isoform 2 is widely expressed at a low level throughout the adult testis. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.10 Ref.15. Developmental stage: Isoform 1 is highly expressed in early to midgestation embryos, with expression leveling off at 15 dpc. Expressed in yolk sac erythrocytes at 9.5 dpc. After birth, expression in the testes remains at a basal level until puberty, begins to increase at postnatal day 16 (P16) and peaks at P20 to P24. Expression is maintained at a high level throughout adulthood. Isoform 2 peaks transiently at P24. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.14. Induction: By ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). Repressed by vitamin A. Induced by retinoic acid. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.23. Post-translational modification: Sumoylation requires both PIAS1 and UBE2I. Sumoylation appears to dissociate NR2C1 from the PML nuclear bodies. Enhances the interaction with NRIP1 but inhibits interaction with KAT2B. In proliferating cells, stimulation by all-trans retinoic acid, activation of MAPK1-mediated phosphorylation and recruitment to PML bodies with subsequent sumoylation, suppresses OCT4 expression. Ref.20 Ref.22 Ref.24Phosphorylated on several serine and threonine residues. Phosphorylation on Thr-210, stimulated by all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) mediates PML location and sumoylation in proliferating cells which then modulates its association with effector molecules, KAT2B and NRIP1. Phosphorylation on Ser-568 by PKC is important for protein stability and function as activator of RARB. Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.22. Disruption phenotype: No visible phenotype. Mice exhibit normal spermatogenesis and testis development, as well as normal central nervous system development. NR2C1 and NR2C2 double null mutants result in early embryonic lethality and increased apoptosis. Embryos die around 7.5 dpc. Ref.15 Ref.23. Sequence similarities: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.

0.1 mL

300 USD