antibody

Anti-Phospho-Thr402 PAK-1,2,3

MBS502098

0.1 mL

345 USD

polyclonal

rabbit

nonconjugated

phosphorylated

Antibody

Anti-Phospho-Thr402 PAK-1,2,3

PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402)

serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; PAK-1; p68-PAK; alpha-PAK; protein kinase MUK2; p21-activated kinase 1; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 1; p21/Cdc42/Rac1-activated kinase 1 (yeast Ste20-related); p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 1; Alpha-PAK; Protein kinase MUK2; p21-activated kinase 1; PAK-1; p68-PAK

PAK1-3

Pak1; Pak1; PAK-1

PAK1_RAT

Polyclonal

Rabbit

Rat

544

Specific for the ~68k to ~70k PAK protein phosphorylated at Thr402. The immunolabeling of PAK is completely eliminated by lambda-phosphatase treatment.

Affinity Purified (Prepared from rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and dephosphopeptide affinity columns.)

100 ul in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 ug per ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Adequate amount of material to conduct 10-mini Western Blots.

Store at -20 degree C; stable for at least one year.

Western Blot (WB)

Quality Control: Western blots performed on each lot. WB: 1:1000

Antigen: Phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding the phospho-Thr402 of rat p21 activated kinase 2 (PAK-2). The peptide sequence used is identical in PAK-1, 2 and 3. Note: Thr402 in PAK-2 corresponds to Thr423 in human PAK-1. Immunogen Information: Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding Thr402 conjugated to KLH. Immunogen Species: Rat

Reactivity Assumed Based on 100% Sequence Homology: Bovine, canine, human and mouse . Species Reactivity Note: The antibody has been directly tested for reactivity in Western blots with rat tissue. It is anticipated that the antibody will react with bovine, canine, human and mouse based on the fact that these species have 100% homology with the amino acid sequence used as antigen. Biological Significance: In mammals, there are several identified isoforms of p21-activated protein kinases or PAKs: alpha-PAK (also known as PAK-1) and beta-PAK (also known as PAK-3) are mostly brain-specific, while -PAK (also known as PAK-2) is expressed ubiquitously (Jakobi et al., 2003). Mutations of the gene coding for PAK-3 are associated with X-linked mental retardation and recent work indicates that PAK-3 is a key regulator of synapse formation and plasticity in the hippocampus (Boda et al., 2004). PAK-3 is thought to play a key role in regulation of cell shape and motility as well as cell death (Jakobi et al., 2003; Walter et al., 1998). Autophosphorylation of Thr402 in the protein has been found to be essential for activation of PAK (Jakobi et al., 2000).

Affinity purified rabbit polyclonal antibody

Boda B, Alberi S, Nikonenko I, Node-Langlois R, Jourdain P, Moosmayer M, Parisi-Jourdain L, Muller D (2004) The mental retardation protein PAK-3 contributes to synapse formation and plasticity in hippocampus. J Neurosci 24:10816-10825. Jakobi R, Huang Z, Walter BN, Tuazon PT, Traugh JA (2000) Substrates enhance autophosphorylation and activation of p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK in the absence of activation loop phosphorylation. Eur J Biochem 267:4414-4421. Jakobi R, McCarthy CC, Koeppel MA, Stringer DK (2003) Caspase-activated PAK-2 is regulated by subcellular targeting and proteasomal degradation. J Biol Chem 278:38675-38685. Walter BN, Huang Z, Jakobi R, Tuazon PT, Alnemri ES, Litwack G, Traugh JA (1998) Cleavage and activation of p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK by CPP32 (caspase 3). Effects of autophosphorylation on activity. J Biol Chem 273:28733-28739. Jia Nie, Chao Sun, Omar Faruque, Guangming Ye, Jia Li, Qiangrong Liang, Zhijie Chang, Wannian Yang, Xiao Han, and Yuguang Shi (2012) Synapses of Amphids Defective (SAD-A) Kinase Promotes Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion through Activation of p21-activated Kinase (PAK1) in Pancreatic beta-Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 287:26435- 26444.

8393901

NP_058894.1

NM_017198.1

P35465

68/70

Activation Of Rac Pathway (936284); Adaptive Immune System Pathway (936651); Alpha6-Beta4 Integrin Signaling Pathway (198503); Axon Guidance Pathway (83457); Axon Guidance Pathway (476); Axon Guidance Pathway (936266); CD28 Co-stimulation Pathway (936658); CD28 Dependent Vav1 Pathway (936660); Cell-Cell Communication Pathway (936637); Chemokine Signaling Pathway (98755)

serine/threonine protein kinase; binds and forms complex specifically with activated (GTP-bound) p21, leading to inhibiting p21 GTPase activity [RGD, Feb 2006]

Function: Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2. Phosphorylates SNAI1 at 'Ser-246' promoting its transcriptional repressor activity by increasing its accumulation in the nucleus. In podocytes, promotes NR3C2 nuclear localization. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin (CFL1) and for the up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3, maybe through CFL1 phosphorylation and inactivation. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12. Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. Ref.5. Cofactor: Magnesium. Enzyme regulation: Phosphorylation of Thr-84 by OXSR1 inhibits activation . By similarity. Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, and enables activation by phosphorylation of Thr-422. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.11. Subunit structure: Homodimer in its autoinhibited state. Active as monomer. Component of cytoplasmic complexes, which also contains PXN, ARHGEF6 and GIT1. Interacts with NISCH. Interacts with DVL1; mediates the formation of a DVL1, MUSK and PAK1 ternary complex involved in AChR clustering. Binds to the caspase-cleaved p110 isoform ofCDC2L1 and CDC2L2, p110C, but not the full-length proteins. Interacts with ARHGEF7. Probably found in a ternary complex composed of DSCAM, PAK1 and RAC1. Interacts with DSCAM (via cytoplasmic domain); the interaction is direct and enhanced in presence of RAC1. Interacts with SCRIB. Interacts with PDPK1. Interacts (via kinase domain) with RAF1. Interacts with NCK1 and NCK2. Interacts with TBCB. Interacts with CRIPAK. Interacts with BRSK2 . By similarity. Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/P21 and RAC1. Interacts with SNAI1 . By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.11 Ref.15. Subcellular location: Cytoplasm . By similarity. Cell junction focal adhesion . By similarity. Cell membrane . By similarity. Note: Recruited to the cell membrane by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Recruited to focal adhesions upon activation . By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8. Tissue specificity: Expressed predominantly in the brain, with higher expression in neuronal groups associated with motor function, and at lower levels in the spleen. Ref.4. Developmental stage: Found in the embryonic CNS with little expression elsewhere. Post-translational modification: Autophosphorylated in trans, meaning that in a dimer, one kinase molecule phosphorylates the other one. Activated by autophosphorylation at Thr-422 in response to a conformation change, triggered by interaction with GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1. Activated by phosphorylation at Thr-422 by PDPK1. Phosphorylated by JAK2 in response to PRL; this increases PAK1 kinase activity. Phosphorylated at Ser-21 by PKB/AKT; this reduces interaction with NCK1 and association with focal adhesion sites . By similarity. Activated by phosphorylation at Thr-422 by BRSK2. Ref.5 Ref.11 Ref.13. Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.Contains 1 CRIB domain.Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

0.1 mL

345 USD