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Urobilinogen Assay Kit

MBS2548454

50 Assays

225 USD

Assay Kit

Urobilinogen Assay Kit

[Urobilinogen]

This product has an approximately 2-2.5 month shelf life upon receipt. Please refer to the expiration date on the kit box.

Principle of the Assay: Urinary Creatinine Assay Kit measures creatinine levels in urine. Samples are compared to a known concentration of creatinine standard within a 96-well microtiter plate format. Samples and standards are incubated for 30 minutes with a reaction reagent which changes color from yellow to bright orange upon reacting with creatinine, forming the creatinine-picrate complex. The plate is read with a standard 96-well spectrophotometric microplate reader at 490 nm (Figure 1). Higher OD values correlate with high creatinine concentrations. Sample creatinine concentrations are determined by comparison with the known creatinine standards. Interference from non-specific chromogens can be measured by adding the creatinine quencher, which destroys the creatinine-picrate complex, thus eliminating all absorbance from creatinine. The remaining absorbance is from the non-specific chromogens, which can be subtracted from the overall values!!Background/Introduction: Creatinine (2-Amino-1-methyl-2-imidazolin-4-one) is a metabolite formed from creatine and phosphocreatine, which are found almost exclusively in skeletal muscle. Phosphocreatine (p-creatine) is a molecule that stores high-energy phosphate, which can be used by tissues for ATP production. The majority of creatine is found in muscle, as well as the heart, brain, testes, and photoreceptors. Creatine can come from the diet or can be synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine. Although this occurs mainly in the liver and kidneys, other organ systems may be involved. Creatine and p-creatine are converted non-enzymatically to creatinine, which enters the blood and is excreted by the kidneys via glomerular filtration (Figure 1). This conversion appears irreversible in vivo, while in vitro it is favored by high temperature and lower pH. Creatinine forms spontaneously from p-creatine and usually forms at a constant rate. Intra-individual variation of creatinine levels is less than 15% daily, which makes it a useful marker for normalizing levels of other molecules found in the urine. Creatinine production is proportional to muscle mass and is usually consistent from one day to the next; however, changes can occur over a longer period if there are changes in muscle mass. Altered creatinine levels can be an indicator of kidney dysfunction or other medical conditions that result in lower renal blood flow such as in diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The analysis of creatinine in serum and urine is an important clinical test for renal disease and dysfunction. Creatinine is removed from plasma by the glomerulus and then excreted in the urine without any appreciable resorption by the tubules. This "creatinine clearance" from the body is used to measure glomerular filtration rates. Serum creatinine concentration is related to muscle mass. Increased serum creatinine is associated with decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR); however, serum creatinine levels do not rise until renal function has decreased by at least 50%. Independent of diet, serum creatinine concentration depends upon its excretion rate from the kidneys. Urinary Creatinine Assay Kit is based on the Jaffe reaction, which is a reaction between creatinine and alkaline picrate to produce an orange-red color complex that can be measured with a standard spectrophotometric plate reader at an optical density of 490 nm. Each kit provides sufficient reagents to perform up to 192 assays, including blanks, creatinine standards and unknown urine samples. High concentrations of ascorbic acid, uric acid, glucose, ketones and cephalosporin antibiotics may interfere with the assay causing falsely high values.

50 Assays

225 USD