catalog number :
MBS2025843
products full name :
Monoclonal Antibody to Gremlin 1 (GREM1)
products short name :
[Gremlin 1]
other names :
[gremlin-1 isoform 2; Gremlin-1; gremlin-1; gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist; Cell proliferation-inducing gene 2 protein; Cysteine knot superfamily 1, BMP antagonist 1; DAN domain family member 2; Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein; Increased in high glucose protein 2]
products gene name :
[GREM1]
other gene names :
[GREM1; GREM1; DRM; HMPS; MPSH; PIG2; CRAC1; CRCS4; DAND2; HMPS1; IHG-2; DUP15q; C15DUPq; GREMLIN; CKTSF1B1; CKTSF1B1; DAND2; DRM; IHG-2]
specificity :
The antibody is a Mouse monoclonal antibody raised against GREM1. It has been selected for its ability to recognize GREM1 in immunohistochemical staining and western blotting.
purity :
Protein A/G Affinity Chromatography
form :
Supplied as solution form in 0.01M PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.05% Proclin-300, 50% glycerol
storage stability :
Storage: Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Store at 4°C for frequent use. Aliquot and store at -20°C for 12 months. Stability Test: The thermal stability is described by the loss rate. The loss rate was determined by accelerated thermal degradation test, that is, incubate the protein at 37°C for 48h, and no obvious degradation and precipitation were observed. The loss rate is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.
tested application :
WB; IHC; ICC; IP
app notes :
Western blotting: 0.5-5µg/mL. Immunohistochemistry: 5-30µg/mL. Immunocytochemistry: 5-30µg/mL. Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user
image1 heading :
Western Blot (WB)
image2 heading :
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
image3 heading :
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
other info1 :
Source: Monoclonal antibody preparation. Traits: Liquid. Immunogen: Recombinant GREM1 (Lys26~Asp184) expressed in E.coli
other info2 :
Conjugated Antibody: The APC conjugated antibody version of this item is also available as catalog #MBS2063406
ncbi acc num :
NP_001178252.1
ncbi gb acc num :
NM_001191323.1
ncbi mol weight :
16,292 Da
ncbi pathways :
BMP Receptor Signaling Pathway (137948)
ncbi summary :
This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. In mouse, this protein has been shown to relay the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal from the polarizing region to the apical ectodermal ridge during limb bud outgrowth. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]
uniprot summary :
GREM1: Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as a BMP antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis. Interacts with SLIT1 and SLIT2 in a glycosylation- dependent manner. By high glucose through TGFB1-mediated pathways in mesangial cell. Down-regulated in tumor cell lines. Highly expressed in small intestine, fetal brain and colon. Weakly expressed in brain, ovary, prostate, pancreas and skeletal muscle. In brain found in the region localized around the internal capsule in the large subcortical nuclei, including caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, thalamus and subthalamus. Predominantly expressed in normal cells including neurons, astrocytes and fibroblasts. Belongs to the DAN family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide. Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q13.3. Cellular Component: cell surface; extracellular space. Molecular Function: cytokine activity; morphogen activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; receptor ligand activity; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding. Biological Process: activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; apoptosis; branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis; cell migration during sprouting angiogenesis; cell morphogenesis; cell-cell signaling; collagen fibril organization; determination of dorsal identity; embryonic limb morphogenesis; limb development; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway; negative regulation of bone mineralization; negative regulation of bone remodeling; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of receptor internalization; positive regulation of telomerase activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; proximal/distal pattern formation; regulation of focal adhesion formation; regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; signal transduction