protein

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Human - High Purity

MBS173360

0.025 mg

360 USD

Protein

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Human - High Purity

Apolipoprotein E

Apo E; Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Human Plasma - >=95% (SDS-PAGE)

apolipoprotein E; Apolipoprotein E; apolipoprotein E; apolipoprotein E3; apolipoprotein E

ApoE

APOE; APOE; AD2; LPG; APO-E; LDLCQ5; Apo-E

APOE_HUMAN

317

>= 95% (SDS-PAGE)

Liquid

At -20 degree C

Source: Human Plasma. UNSPSC Code: 51131909

Recertification: 2 years. Protein: 0.5 - 5.0 mg/mL (A280 E=1.31)

Proteins; Antigens; Standards/controls; Native Proteins; Apolipoprotein E (apoe)

MyBioSource is a leading producer of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) for research and diagnostic manufacturing. Technical support, bulk quantities and aliquoting available. Human APOE is 299 amino acids long and transports lipoproteins, fat-soluble vitamins, and cholesterol into the lymph system and then into the blood. Apolipoprotein E, is synthesized principally in the liver, but has also been found in other tissues such as the brain, kidneys, and spleen. In the nervous system, non-neuronal cell types, most notably astroglia and microglia, are the primary producers of Apolipoprotein E, while neurons preferentially express the receptors for APOE. Apo-E is a 34-37 kDa glycosylated protein. Concentration in normal plasma is 5 mg/dL and is involved with triglyceride, phospholipid, cholesteryl ester, and cholesterol transport in and out of cells and is a ligand for LDL receptors. APOE Lipoprotein has also been implicated in immune and nerve degeneration. It has been found to suppress lymphocyte proliferation. Late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer disease patients have been found to have a higher occurrence of one of the three common Apo-E isoforms, Apo-E4. The Apo-E4 isoform has been detected in senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer disease patients. Apo-E4 is associated with rapid chylomicron-remnant clearance and increased total cholesterol levels.

178853

AAB59397.1

34-37 kDa

Alzheimer's Disease Pathway (83097); Alzheimer's Disease Pathway (509); Alzheimers Disease Pathway (672448); Binding And Uptake Of Ligands By Scavenger Receptors Pathway (771599); Chylomicron-mediated Lipid Transport Pathway (106157); Disease Pathway (530764); Diseases Associated With Visual Transduction Pathway (771581); HDL-mediated Lipid Transport Pathway (106158); Lipid Digestion, Mobilization, And Transport Pathway (106111); Lipoprotein Metabolism Pathway (106156)

The protein encoded by this gene is a major apoprotein of the chylomicron. It binds to a specific liver and peripheral cell receptor, and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. This gene maps to chromosome 19 in a cluster with the related apolipoprotein C1 and C2 genes. Mutations in this gene result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

APOE: Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues. Defects in APOE are a cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type 3 (HLPP3); also known as familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Individuals with HLPP3 are clinically characterized by xanthomas, yellowish lipid deposits in the palmar crease, or less specific on tendons and on elbows. The disorder rarely manifests before the third decade in men. In women, it is usually expressed only after the menopause. The vast majority of the patients are homozygous for APOE*2 alleles. More severe cases of HLPP3 have also been observed in individuals heterozygous for rare APOE variants. The influence of APOE on lipid levels is often suggested to have major implications for the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Individuals carrying the common APOE*4 variant are at higher risk of CAD. Genetic variations in APOE are associated with Alzheimer disease type 2 (AD2). It is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, loss of cognitive abilities, and deposition of fibrillar amyloid proteins as intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques and vascular amyloid deposits. The major constituent of these plaques is the neurotoxic amyloid-beta-APP 40-42 peptide (s), derived proteolytically from the transmembrane precursor protein APP by sequential secretase processing. The cytotoxic C-terminal fragments (CTFs) and the caspase-cleaved products such as C31 derived from APP, are also implicated in neuronal death. The APOE*4 allele is genetically associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer disease. Risk for AD increased from 20% to 90% and mean age at onset decreased from 84 to 68 years with increasing number of APOE*4 alleles in 42 families with late onset AD. Thus APOE*4 gene dose is a major risk factor for late onset AD and, in these families, homozygosity for APOE*4 was virtually sufficient to cause AD by age 80. The mechanism by which APOE*4 participates in pathogenesis is not known. Defects in APOE are a cause of sea-blue histiocyte disease (SBHD); also known as sea-blue histiocytosis. This disorder is characterized by splenomegaly, mild thrombocytopenia and, in the bone marrow, numerous histiocytes containing cytoplasmic granules which stain bright blue with the usual hematologic stains. The syndrome is the consequence of an inherited metabolic defect analogous to Gaucher disease and other sphingolipidoses. Defects in APOE are a cause of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG). LPG is an uncommon kidney disease characterized by proteinuria, progressive kidney failure, and distinctive lipoprotein thrombi in glomerular capillaries. It mainly affects people of Japanese and Chinese origin. The disorder has rarely been described in Caucasians. Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family. Protein type: Lipid-binding; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide. Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19q13.2. Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; extracellular space; microtubule; lysosome; endoplasmic reticulum; dendrite; early endosome; extracellular region; nuclear envelope; extracellular matrix; chylomicron; extrinsic to external side of plasma membrane; membrane; cell soma; cytoplasm; late endosome; plasma membrane; nucleus; vesicle. Molecular Function: lipid transporter activity; heparin binding; identical protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; metal chelating activity; beta-amyloid binding; cholesterol binding; antioxidant activity; protein binding; low-density lipoprotein receptor binding; cholesterol transporter activity; hydroxyapatite binding; phospholipid binding; lipid binding; tau protein binding. Biological Process: phototransduction, visible light; lipoprotein catabolic process; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; cGMP-mediated signaling; positive regulation of axon extension; positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system; synaptic transmission, cholinergic; intracellular transport; triacylglycerol catabolic process; oligodendrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; cholesterol catabolic process; long-chain fatty acid transport; cholesterol metabolic process; regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; negative regulation of blood coagulation; lipoprotein metabolic process; regulation of axon extension; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; maintenance of cellular localization; response to reactive oxygen species; cholesterol homeostasis; response to ethanol; positive regulation of cGMP biosynthetic process; regulation of gene expression; lipoprotein biosynthetic process; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; protein import; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity; response to dietary excess; vasodilation; response to insulin stimulus; positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor catabolic process; phospholipid efflux; retinoid metabolic process; negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process; aging; receptor-mediated endocytosis; response to retinoic acid; negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; neurite regeneration; cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; cholesterol efflux; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; reverse cholesterol transport; triacylglycerol metabolic process; negative regulation of inflammatory response; fatty acid homeostasis; artery morphogenesis. Disease: Macular Degeneration, Age-related, 1; Alzheimer Disease 2; Alzheimer Disease 4; Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy; Sea-blue Histiocyte Disease

0.025 mg

360 USD

0.1 mg

830

0.2 mg

1355