This webpage contains legacy information. The product is either no longer available from the supplier or has been delisted at Labome.
product summary
company name :
MilliporeSigma
other brands :
FLUKA, Sigma-Aldrich, Roche Applied Science
product type :
chemical
product name :
Theobromine
catalog :
T4500
citations: 63
Reference
Dweck H, Carlson J. Molecular Logic and Evolution of Bitter Taste in Drosophila. Curr Biol. 2020;30:17-30.e3 pubmed publisher
Choi J, van Giesen L, Choi M, Kang K, Sprecher S, Kwon J. A Pair of Pharyngeal Gustatory Receptor Neurons Regulates Caffeine-Dependent Ingestion in Drosophila Larvae. Front Cell Neurosci. 2016;10:181 pubmed publisher
Gómez Torres M, García E, Guerrero J, Medina S, Izquierdo Rico M, Gil Izquierdo Ã, et al. Metabolites involved in cellular communication among human cumulus-oocyte-complex and sperm during in vitro fertilization. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2015;13:123 pubmed publisher
Rajchl A, Prchalová J, Kružík V, Sevčík R, Cížková H. Evaluation of ice-tea quality by DART-TOF/MS. J Mass Spectrom. 2015;50:1214-21 pubmed publisher
Hu S, Kim B, Baik M. Physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of raw, roasted and puffed cacao beans. Food Chem. 2016;194:1089-94 pubmed publisher
Rodriguez A, Costa Bauza A, Sáez Torres C, Rodrigo D, Grases F. HPLC method for urinary theobromine determination: Effect of consumption of cocoa products on theobromine urinary excretion in children. Clin Biochem. 2015;48:1138-43 pubmed publisher
Angelini A, Ciofani G, Conti P. ANTIPSYCHOTICS REVERSE P-GLYCOPROTEIN-MEDIATED DOXORUBICIN RESISTANCE IN HUMAN UTERINE SARCOMA MES-SA/Dx5 CELLS: A NOVEL APPROACH TO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2015;29:357-65 pubmed
Jang Y, Koo H, Sohn E, Kang S, Rhee D, Pyo S. Theobromine inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells during the early stage of adipogenesis via AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Food Funct. 2015;6:2365-74 pubmed publisher
Rysz M, Bromek E, Haduch A, Sadakierska Chudy A, Daniel W. Damage to the Brain Serotonergic System Increases the Expression of Liver Cytochrome P450. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:1345-52 pubmed publisher
Kurzawa M, Filipiak Szok A, Kłodzińska E, Szłyk E. Determination of phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Andrographis paniculata using chromatographic methods. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2015;995-996:101-6 pubmed publisher
Diomande D, Antheaume I, Leroux M, Lalande J, Balayssac S, Remaud G, et al. Multi-element, multi-compound isotope profiling as a means to distinguish the geographical and varietal origin of fermented cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) beans. Food Chem. 2015;188:576-82 pubmed publisher
Liu Z, Lin Y, Zhang S, Wang D, Liang Q, Luo G. Comparative proteomic analysis using 2DE-LC-MS/MS reveals the mechanism of Fuzhuan brick tea extract against hepatic fat accumulation in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Electrophoresis. 2015;36:2002-16 pubmed publisher
Rang Y, Zeng H, Nakajima H, Kato S, Uchiyama K. Quantitative on-line concentration for capillary electrophoresis with inkjet sample introduction technique. J Sep Sci. 2015;38:2722-8 pubmed publisher
Rodrigues N, Salva T, Bragagnolo N. Influence of coffee genotype on bioactive compounds and the in vitro capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. J Agric Food Chem. 2015;63:4815-26 pubmed publisher
Rull G, Mohd Zain Z, Shiel J, Lundberg M, Collier D, Johnston A, et al. Effects of high flavanol dark chocolate on cardiovascular function and platelet aggregation. Vascul Pharmacol. 2015;71:70-8 pubmed publisher
Kumazoe M, Fujimura Y, Hidaka S, Kim Y, Murayama K, Takai M, et al. Metabolic profiling-based data-mining for an effective chemical combination to induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9474 pubmed publisher
Coelho A, Fraichard S, Le Goff G, Faure P, Artur Y, Ferveur J, et al. Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of caffeine in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0117328 pubmed publisher
De Kesel P, Lambert W, Stove C. Paraxanthine/Caffeine Concentration Ratios in Hair: An Alternative for Plasma-Based Phenotyping of Cytochrome P450 1A2?. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2015;54:771-81 pubmed publisher
Hutcherson J, Bagaitkar J, Nagano K, Yoshimura F, Wang H, Scott D. Porphyromonas gingivalis RagB is a proinflammatory signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 agonist. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2015;30:242-52 pubmed publisher
Koyanagi T, Nakanishi Y, Murayama N, Yamaura Y, Ikeda K, Yano K, et al. Age-related changes of hepatic clearances of cytochrome P450 probes, midazolam and R-/S-warfarin in combination with caffeine, omeprazole and metoprolol in cynomolgus monkeys using in vitro-in vivo correlation. Xenobiotica. 2015;45:312-21 pubmed publisher
Massot Cladera M, Abril Gil M, Torres S, Franch A, Castell M, Perez Cano F. Impact of cocoa polyphenol extracts on the immune system and microbiota in two strains of young rats. Br J Nutr. 2014;112:1944-54 pubmed publisher
Grases F, Rodriguez A, Costa Bauza A. Theobromine inhibits uric acid crystallization. A potential application in the treatment of uric acid nephrolithiasis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e111184 pubmed publisher
Nödler K, Tsakiri M, Licha T. The impact of different proportions of a treated effluent on the biotransformation of selected micro-contaminants in river water microcosms. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11:10390-405 pubmed publisher
De Vrieze M, Verzele D, Szucs R, Sandra P, Lynen F. Evaluation of sphingomyelin, cholester, and phosphatidylcholine-based immobilized artificial membrane liquid chromatography to predict drug penetration across the blood-brain barrier. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014;406:6179-88 pubmed publisher
Gassner A, Schappler J, Feinberg M, Rudaz S. Derivation of uncertainty functions from validation studies in biological fluids: application to the analysis of caffeine and its major metabolites in human plasma samples. J Chromatogr A. 2014;1353:121-30 pubmed publisher
Edling C, Selvaggi F, Ghonaim R, Maffucci T, Falasca M. Caffeine and the analog CGS 15943 inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Cancer Biol Ther. 2014;15:524-32 pubmed publisher
Choi E, Bae S, Park J, Kwon M, Jang S, Zheng Y, et al. Simultaneous quantification of caffeine and its three primary metabolites in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem. 2013;141:2735-42 pubmed publisher
Iskar M, Zeller G, Blattmann P, Campillos M, Kuhn M, Kaminska K, et al. Characterization of drug-induced transcriptional modules: towards drug repositioning and functional understanding. Mol Syst Biol. 2013;9:662 pubmed publisher
Neufingerl N, Zebregs Y, Schuring E, Trautwein E. Effect of cocoa and theobromine consumption on serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97:1201-9 pubmed publisher
Dalonso N, Petkowicz C. Guarana powder polysaccharides: characterisation and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a pectic fraction. Food Chem. 2012;134:1804-12 pubmed publisher
Mohanan S, Gowda K, Kandukuri S, Chandrashekar A. Involvement of a novel intronic microRNA in cross regulation of N-methyltransferase genes involved in caffeine biosynthesis in Coffea canephora. Gene. 2013;519:107-12 pubmed publisher
Trognitz B, Cros E, Assemat S, Davrieux F, Forestier Chiron N, Ayestas E, et al. Diversity of cacao trees in Waslala, Nicaragua: associations between genotype spectra, product quality and yield potential. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e54079 pubmed publisher
Grandner M, Jackson N, Gerstner J, Knutson K. Dietary nutrients associated with short and long sleep duration. Data from a nationally representative sample. Appetite. 2013;64:71-80 pubmed publisher
Johnson I, Prakash H, Prathiba J, Raghunathan R, Malathi R. Spectral analysis of naturally occurring methylxanthines (theophylline, theobromine and caffeine) binding with DNA. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e50019 pubmed publisher
Bittencourt L, Machado D, Machado M, Dos Santos G, Algarve T, Marinowic D, et al. The protective effects of guaraná extract (Paullinia cupana) on fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells exposed to sodium nitroprusside. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;53:119-25 pubmed publisher
Kargul B, Ozcan M, Peker S, Nakamoto T, Simmons W, Falster A. Evaluation of human enamel surfaces treated with theobromine: a pilot study. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2012;10:275-82 pubmed
Chiu G, Chatterjee D, Darmody P, Walsh J, Meling D, Johnson R, et al. Hypoxia/reoxygenation impairs memory formation via adenosine-dependent activation of caspase 1. J Neurosci. 2012;32:13945-55 pubmed publisher
Bitto A, Oteri G, Pisano M, Polito F, Irrera N, Minutoli L, et al. Adenosine receptor stimulation by polynucleotides (PDRN) reduces inflammation in experimental periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2013;40:26-32 pubmed publisher
Persson P, Hansell P, Palm F. Adenosine A2 receptor-mediated regulation of renal hemodynamics and glomerular filtration rate is abolished in diabetes. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;765:225-230 pubmed publisher
Crown P, Emerson T, Gu J, Hurst W, Pauketat T, Ward T. Ritual Black Drink consumption at Cahokia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:13944-9 pubmed publisher
Clancy J, Deuchars S, Deuchars J. The wonders of the Wanderer. Exp Physiol. 2013;98:38-45 pubmed publisher
Sook Chung H, Lee S. Modification of ginseng flavors by bitter compounds found in chocolate and coffee. J Food Sci. 2012;77:S202-10 pubmed publisher
Perera V, Gross A, McLachlan A. Measurement of CYP1A2 activity: a focus on caffeine as a probe. Curr Drug Metab. 2012;13:667-78 pubmed
Sotelo A, Soleri D, Wacher C, Sánchez Chinchillas A, Argote R. Chemical and nutritional composition of tejate, a traditional maize and cacao beverage from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012;67:148-55 pubmed publisher
Huang R, Hippauf F, Rohrbeck D, Haustein M, Wenke K, Feike J, et al. Enzyme functional evolution through improved catalysis of ancestrally nonpreferred substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:2966-71 pubmed publisher
Santos J, Rangel A. Development of a chromatographic low pressure flow injection system: application to the analysis of methylxanthines in coffee. Anal Chim Acta. 2012;715:57-63 pubmed publisher
Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt T. A general strategy for performing temperature-programming in high performance liquid chromatography--further improvements in the accuracy of retention time predictions of segmented temperature gradients. J Chromatogr A. 2012;1222:71-80 pubmed publisher
Stosic A, Ondreka N, Henrich E, Hassdenteufel E, Schneider M. [Chocolate intoxication in a dog]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2011;39:111-5 pubmed
Xia J, Xiong J, Wang H, Duan S, Ye J, Hu Z. Presynaptic inhibition of GABAergic synaptic transmission by adenosine in mouse hypothalamic hypocretin neurons. Neuroscience. 2012;201:46-56 pubmed publisher
Lee W, Koh E, Lee S. A combination of ischemic preconditioning and allopurinol protects against ischemic injury through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Nitric Oxide. 2012;26:1-8 pubmed publisher
Hillebrand O, Nödler K, Licha T, Sauter M, Geyer T. Caffeine as an indicator for the quantification of untreated wastewater in karst systems. Water Res. 2012;46:395-402 pubmed publisher
Gengeliczki Z, Callahan M, Kabelac M, Rijs A, de Vries M. Structure of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine-theobromine alternate base pairs. J Phys Chem A. 2011;115:11423-7 pubmed publisher
Smith A, Kavuru P, Wojtas L, Zaworotko M, Shytle R. Cocrystals of quercetin with improved solubility and oral bioavailability. Mol Pharm. 2011;8:1867-76 pubmed publisher
Smit H. Theobromine and the pharmacology of cocoa. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2011;:201-34 pubmed publisher
Sakurada T, Gill M, Frausto S, Copits B, Noguchi K, Shimamoto K, et al. Novel N-methylated 8-oxoisoguanines from Pacific sponges with diverse neuroactivities. J Med Chem. 2010;53:6089-99 pubmed publisher
Roy A, Lunn F, Bearne S. Inhibition of CTP synthase from Escherichia coli by xanthines and uric acids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010;20:141-4 pubmed publisher
Diamandis P, Wildenhain J, Clarke I, Sacher A, Graham J, Bellows D, et al. Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells. Nat Chem Biol. 2007;3:268-73 pubmed
Bispo M, Veloso M, Pinheiro H, De Oliveira R, Reis J, de Andrade J. Simultaneous determination of caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci. 2002;40:45-8 pubmed
Shi D, Daly J. Chronic effects of xanthines on levels of central receptors in mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1999;19:719-32 pubmed
Reggio R, Pezzola A, Popoli P. The intrastratial injection of an adenosine A(2) receptor antagonist prevents frontal cortex EEG abnormalities in a rat model of Huntington's disease. Brain Res. 1999;831:315-8 pubmed
Eteng M, Eyong E, Akpanyung E, Agiang M, Aremu C. Recent advances in caffeine and theobromine toxicities: a review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1997;51:231-43 pubmed
Stavric B. Methylxanthines: toxicity to humans. 3. Theobromine, paraxanthine and the combined effects of methylxanthines. Food Chem Toxicol. 1988;26:725-33 pubmed
. Theobromine. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1991;51:421-41 pubmed
product information
Catalog Number :
T4500
Product Name :
Theobromine
Product Type :
SMALL MOLECULES
Product Group :
Protein & Pathway Technologies
Product Description :
≥98%
company information
MilliporeSigma
PO Box 14508
St. Louis, MO 63178
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com
1-800-325-3010
headquarters: USA