protein

IL-1 alpha Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi)

HY-P72380

20 μg;50 μg

260;570 USD

IL-1 alpha Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi)

proteins

E. coli

20 μg;50 μg

260;570 USD

IL-1 alpha is a ubiquitous and pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine. IL-1 alpha is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha plays an important role in inflammation and bridges the innate and adaptive immune systems. IL-1 alpha mediates the activation of NF-kappa-B and the three MAPK pathways p38, p42/p44 and JNK pathways [1] [2] . IL-1 alpha protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi) is a biotinylated recombinant protein with Avi label that consists of 159 amino acids (S113-A271) and is produced by E. coli.

Human

IL-1 alpha (interleukin-1 alpha) is a major agonist of IL-1. IL-1α is present in all mesenchymal cells in particular, cells rich in IL-1α constitute tissues with a barrier function, such as keratinocytes in the skin, type 2 epithelial cells in the lung, the epithelium of the entire gastrointestinal tract, endothelial cells in blood vessels, and astrocytes in the brain [1] . The precursor of IL-1α (ProIL-1α) is processed by the Ca 2+ -dependent protease calpain (including caspase-1) into the mature 17 kDa form and the 16 kDa N-terminal cleavage product – the propiece of IL-1α, also termed IL-1α N-terminal peptide (IL-1NTP). The latent form of calpain is activated in cells under inflammatory conditions and especially upon loss of plasma membrane integrity, which occurs during necrosis. pro-IL-1α and mature IL-1α bind to IL-1R and induces the secretion of IL-6 and TNF [5] . IL-1α acts as an ‘alarmin’ and as a primum movens of tissue inflammation [1] . IL-1 alpha trigger inflammation in a pathway initiated through Myd88 activation and culminated in NF-κB–induced transcription of inflammatory genes [2] . IL-1 alpha inhibits differentiation of preadipocytes and lipid accumulation [3] . IL-1 alpha induces apoptosis and inhibits the osteoblast differentiation [4] .

Interleukin-1 Alpha; IL-1 Alpha; Hematopoietin-1; IL1A; IL1F1; IL-1a

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.