protein

Animal-Free INHBB Protein, Human (His)

HY-P700013AF

10 μg;50 μg

195;550 USD

Animal-Free INHBB Protein, Human (His)

proteins

E. coli

10 μg;50 μg

195;550 USD

Activin B, a TGFβ superfamily cytokine, is a homodimer of activin βB subunits. Activin B binds to type II transmembrane serine-threonine kinase receptors (ACTRIIA or ACTRIIB) which, in turn, activate type I receptors (ACTRI) that phosphorylate and activate canonical SMAD signaling pathways [1] [2] . Animal-Free INHBB Protein, Human (His), a recombinant animal-free protein, is produced in E. coli with a C-Terminal His-tag. This product is for cell culture use only.

Human

Activins, members of the TGF-β superfamily, are first isolated from porcine ovarian follicular fluid and identified as activating factors for the release of follicle stimulating hormone. Activin B found in most tissues including placenta, reproductive organs, bone marrow, and brain. Activin B is a regulator of inflammation and immunity, and also involved in cancer or wound healing processes [1] [2] [3] [4] . Activin B is highly conserved across species, with mouse, rat and human Activin B demonstrating >97% sequence homology. Activins exist in three basic molecular forms composed of two inhibin β subunits: activin A (βAβA), activin B (βBβB), and activin AB (βAβB), and their receptors are ActRIA, ActRIB, ActRII A, and ActRIIB.  Different additional roles have since been identified for these proteins, including broad and complex effects on cell growth and differentiation, regulation of embryogenesis, development of the reproductive system, wound healing, stem cell differentiation and regulation of immune response. Activins exert their biological functions through the serine/threonine protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Activin B might also signal through the type IC activin receptors (ACVR1C (ALK7)). The type I receptor initiates a signaling cascade by activating a phosphorylation cascade through SMAD2/3 that complexes with SMAD4 and translocates to the cell nucleus to modulate gene transcription. The effects of activin are antagonized by inhibin, which acts by blocking activin binding to its receptors and by follistatin [1] [2] [3] . Activin B stimulates cell proliferation at the site of skin injury and promotes wound healing through the RhoA-Rock-JNK-cJun signaling pathway. Activin B production is increased in some cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli, most notably hepatic stellate cells, pituitary cells, and microglial cells. Activin B regulates cellular migration by inducing actin stress fiber formation. In addition, Activin B treatment can promote the adhesion, migration and invasion of type II endometrial cancer cells by up-regulating integrin β3 in a SMAD-dependent manner [1] [3] [4] .

Activin Beta B; INHBB; inhibin beta B chain

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized from a solution containing 1X PBS, pH 8.0, trehalose.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.