ELISA/assay

Toxoplasma gondii IgM ELISA Kit

DEIA380

96T

Toxoplasma gondii IgM ELISA Kit

T. gondii

Toxoplasma gondii IgM ELISA Kit

iELISA

T. gondii

Human

Quantitative

serum, plasma

96T

1. microtiter strips (antigen). Unopened: see expiry date on microtiter plate. after opening at 2-8°C in closed aluminum bag with desiccant: minimum shelf-life 4 weeks. Strips which are not used must be stored in the press-seal bag of aluminum compound foil under dry and airtight conditions! 2. control sera / standard sera. after opening at 2-8°C. until expiry date; 24 months from date of production 3. conjugate. ready-to-use solution at 2-8°C. Avoid contamination (sterile tips!). Until expiry date, 28 months from date of production. 4. dilution buffer. After opening at 2-8°C (Discard cloudy solutions!), 24 months. Unopened, until expiry date; 36 months from date of production. 5. washing solution. concentrate after opening at 2-8°C: until expiry date. Working dilution at 2-8°C: 2 weeks. Working dilution at room temperature: 1 week. Bottles used for the working dilution should be cleaned regularly. Discard cloudy solutions. 6. substrate. ready-to-use solution at 2-8°C, protected from light! until expiry date, 24 months from date of production. Avoid contamination (sterile tips!) Discard when solution turns yellow (extinction against distilled water > 0.25). 7. stopping solution. after opening at room temperature. until expiry date

T. gondii

Human

Toxoplasma gondii; T. gondii; Sarcocystidae; Toxoplasmatinae; Eukaryota; Chromalveolata; Alveolata; Apicomplexa; Conoidasida; Coccidiasina; Eucoccidiorida; Toxoplasma gondii RH; T. gondii RH

ELISA Toxoplasma gondii IgM are quantitative and qualitative tests for detection of human antibodies in serum or plasma against Toxoplasma gondii. For sale in the U.S. for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Toxoplasma gondii - a eucaryotic pathogen - belongs to the group of sporozoes. This obligate intracellular parasite is spread worldwide. Typical for sporocytes is the "flip-flop" between sexual (which only takes place in cats, the final host) and asexual reproduction. After oral uptake of parasites, e.g. in contaminated food, the organism penetrates the gut and enters the reticuloendothelial system. Due to this haematogenous dissemination, Toxoplasma gondii is able to infect many different organs and tissues within the host. The prevalence of infection with Toxoplasma gondii in the normal population is closely correlated with age. At age 50 years, nearly 50% of the population is seropositive; the seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma increases with a frequency of 10% per decade of life. Environmental and nutrition factors also play an important role and may significantly influence the seroprevalence. About 50% of infections with Toxoplasma gondii show no clinical findings (subclinical course). The other 50% show - after an incubation period of 1-3 weeks - only non-specific symptoms like low fever, exhaustion, and headache as well as muscle and joint pain. A minority of patients suffers from high fever (up to 39°C) and swelling of cervical lymph nodes. In 1% of infected children and young adults, complications such as myocarditis, meningitis or pneumonia have been reported. After recovery, Toxoplasma gondii cells persist in infected tissues by forming cysts which are resistant to the attacks of the immune system. Generally, this so-called latent infection is not reactivated in immunocompetent hosts. Probably as a result of permanent stimulation of the host's immune system by the presence of the antigens, a life-long immunity is induced. Screening for Toxoplasma infections during pregnancy is of vital importance. The transmission of Toxoplasma gondii via the transplacental route has been observed in all stages of pregnancy, although the risk of prenatal transmission as well as the outcome of infection depends on the stage of pregnancy. The risk of an infection of the unborn child via transplacental transmission is limited to seronegative women who acquire a primary infection during pregnancy. When maternal primary infection is detected and subsequently eradicated by chemotherapy, the risk for transmission to the fetus is significantly decreased. Immediately after birth, only 1-3% of infected newborns show clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis. In contrast, up to 80% of subclinically infected children suffer from late damage and severe clinical manifestations. Early therapy of infected newborns can prevent later damage. In cases of immunosuppression, activation of latent infections has been observed. In AIDS patients, Toxoplasma encephalitis is of significant importance as the final cause of death.

Microtiter wells are coated with antigens. This constitutes the solid phase. Sample is added to the wells and any antibodies specific for the antigen present will bind to the solid phase. After removal of unbound material, anti-human IgM conjugated to an enzyme (alkaline phosphatase) is allowed to react with the immune complex. After removal of excess conjugate by washing, an appropriate substrate (paranitrophenylphosphate) is added, with which the conjugated enzyme reacts producing a coloured derivative of the substrate. The colour intensity is proportional to the level of specific antibody bound and can be quantified photometrically.

1. Break apart microtiter test strips each with 8 antigen coated single wells (altogether 96), 1 frame the coating material is inactivated, 12 2. Standard serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV-Ab, anti-HBs-Ag (Hepatitis B-Virus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV-Ab; preservative: 3. Negative control serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV, anti-HBs (Hepatitis BVirus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV; preservative: 4. Anti-human-IgM-conjugate (ready-to-use), Anti-human-IgM from goat (polyclonal), conjugated to alkaline phosphatase, stabilized with protein stabilization solution, preservative: 0.01 % methylisothiazolone, 0.01 % bromnitrodioxane. 13 ml 5. Washing solution concentrate (sufficient for 1 litre), Sodium chloride solution with Tween 20, 30 mM Tris, preservative: 6. Dilution buffer, Phosphate buffer with protein and Tween 20; preservative: 7. Stopping solution, 1.2 N sodium hydroxide. 15 ml 8. Substrate (ready-to-use), Para-nitrophenylphosphate, solvent free buffer, preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, (Substrate in unopened bottle may have a slightly yellow color. This does not reduce the quality of the product!). 13 ml

1. common laboratory equipment 2. for the IgM-ELISA: special Rf-Absorbent with control antigen 3. photometer for microtiter plates with filter, wavelength 405 nm, recommended reference wavelength 620 nm - 690 nm (e.g. 650 nm) 4. incubator 37°C 5. moist chamber 6. distilled water

1. Sample preparation and storage Lipaemic, hemolytic or icteric samples should only be tested with reservations although in our testing no negative influence has been found. Obviously contaminated samples (serum or plasma) should not be tested due to the risk of wrong results. Serum or Plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin) collected according to standard laboratory methods are suitable samples. Samples must not be thermally inactivated. Before running the test, samples must be diluted in dilution buffer (V 1 + V 2 ) as follows: Rheumatoid factors are autoantibodies mainly of the IgM-class, which preferably bind to IgG-immune-complexes. The presence of non-specific IgM-antibodies (rheumatoid factors) can lead to false-positive results in the IgM-assay. Furthermore, the possibility exists, that weak-binding pathogen-specific IgM-antibodies are displaced by stronger-binding IgG-antibodies. In this case, IgM-detection can lead to false-negative results. Therefore it is necessary to pretreat samples with rheumatoid factor-absorbent prior to IgM detection. A special rheumatoid factor (Rf)-absorbent including anti-human IgG antibodies and a defined amount of control antigen, simultaneously binds rheumatoid factors and antibodies, which are directed against membrane components of the host cell. Therefore, an extra test procedure in wells, which are coated with control antigen, is not necessary. This Rf-absorbent has to be ordered separately for the following ELISA IgM-Tests: Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Measles Virus, Parotitis Virus, Rubella Virus, Toxoplasma gondii, Varicella-Zoster Virus. Before running the test, rheumatoid factor-absorbent (Rf-absorbent/CAg) (V 1 ) must be diluted 1+4 in dilution buffer (V 2 ). Samples (V 4 ) must be diluted in this Rf-dilution buffer (V 3 ) 2. Sample storage The stoppered samples can be stored in a refrigerator up to 7 days at 2-8°C. Extended storage is possible at ≤ -20°C. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing of samples. Diluted samples can be stored at 2-8°C for one week.

1. Microtest strips Microtest strips in frame are packed with desiccant in an aluminum bag. Take unrequired cavities out of the frame and put them back into the press-seal bag. Close press-seal bag carefully to ensure airtight conditions. 2. Control sera / standard sera Control and standard sera are ready-to-use and must not be diluted any further. They can be used directly for the test run. For each test run and for each test system - independent of the number of microtest strips to be used - control and standard sera must be included. The cut-off-control should be set up in duplicate. With the quantitative tests the standard serum should also be set up in duplicate. Do not treat control sera with Rf-absorbent. 3. Anti-human-IgM-AP-conjugate (ready-to-use) Conjugates with the same concentration and within the same immunoglobulin class are exchangeable. Avoid contamination of ready-to-use conjugates (please pour sufficient for test into a secondary container to avoid repeatedly pipetting from the original bottle). 4. Washing solution Dilute washing buffer concentrate (V 1 ) 1:30 with distilled water to a final volume of V 2 . Example: 5. Dilution buffer for samples (ready-to-use) 6. Substrate (ready-to-use) For pipetting substrate solution use sterile tips only! 7. Stopping solution (ready-to-use)

1. Place the required number of cavities in the frame and prepare a protocol sheet. 2. Add each 100 μl of diluted sample or ready-to-use controls into the appropriate wells of microtest strips. Spare one well for substrate blank, e.g.: 3. Sample incubation for 60 minutes (+/- 5 min) at 37°C (+/- 1°C) in moist chamber 4. After incubation wash all wells with washing solution (by automated washer or manually): aspirate or shake out the incubation solution fill each well with 300 μl washing solution aspirate or shake out the washing buffer repeat the washing procedure 3 times (altogether 4 times!) dry by tapping the microtest plate on a paper towel 5. Addition of conjugate: Add 100 μl of IgM-conjugate (ready-to-use) to the appropriate well (except substrate blank) 6. Conjugate incubation for 30 minutes (+/- 1 min) * at 37°C (+/- 1°C) in moist chamber. 7. After incubation wash all wells with washing solution (see above) 8. Addition of substrate: Add 100 μl substrate solution (ready-to-use) to each well (including well for substrate blank!) 9. Substrate incubation for 30 minutes (+/- 1 min) * at 37°C (+/- 1°C) in moist chamber. 10. Stopping of the reaction: Add 100 μl stopping solution to each well, shake microtest plate gently to mix. 11. Read optical density: Read OD within 60 minutes at 405 nm against substrate blank, reference wave length between 620 nm and 690 nm (e.g. 650 nm). * Please note, that under special working-conditions internal laboratory adaptations of the incubation times could be necessary.

1. Single-point quantification with the 4PL method Optimized assignment of extinction signals to quantitative values is guaranteed by using non-linear functions, which adjust a sigmoide curve without any further transformation to OD-values. Determination of antibody concentrations with the ELISA is carried out by the logistic-log-model (4 PL; 4 parameter) which is ideal for exact curve-fitting. It is based on the formula: The parameters A, B, C, and D are representative for the exact shape of the curve: 1. lower asymptote → parameter A 2. slope of the curve → parameter B 3. turning point → parameter C 4. upper asymptote → parameter D For each lot the standard curve is evaluated by CD in several repeated test runs under optimal conditions. Time consuming and cost intensive construction of the standard curve by the user is not necessary. For evaluation of antibody concentrations a lot specific standard curve as well as a lot specific evaluation table is included with each test kit. Appropriate evaluation software is available on request. To compensate for normal test variations and also for test run control a standard serum is used in each individual test run. For this control serum a "reference value" with a validity range is determined by the quality control of the producer. Within this range a correct quantification of antibody concentration is ensured. Since the standard serum is not necessarily a positive control, the value of the standard serum may be borderline or negative in some ELISA tests. 2. Criteria of validity a. the substrate blank must be OD b. the negative control must be negative c. quantitative ELISA: the mean OD-value of the standard serum must be within the validity range, which is given on the lot specific quality control certificate of the kit (after subtraction of the substrate blank!) d. qualitative ELISA: the mean OD-value of the positive control must be within the validity range, which is given on the lot specific quality control certificate of the kit (after subtraction of the substrate blank!) e. the variation of OD-values may not be higher than 20%. If these criteria are not met, the test is not valid and must be repeated. 3. Calculation ELISA test The antibody activity is given in IU/ml and correlates to the 2 rd International Standard for Toxoplasma gondii (1980) with 2000 international Units per vial for the ELISA Toxoplasma gondii IgG. The quantification of the ELISA Toxoplasma gondii IgM is based on the 3 rd International Standard Toxoplasma gondii (1994), which also gives an IgM antibody concentration (3000 Units per vial). This international standard has not been accepted yet, since it was not possible to set a general standard for the determination of IgM antibodies until now. Therefore the test results from ELISA Toxoplasma gondii IgM assays are given in U/ml. Non-automated evaluation For the test evaluation a standard curve and an evaluation table are included in the test kit so that the obtained OD-values may be assigned to the corresponding antibody activity. The reference value and the validity range of the standard serum is given on the evaluation table (quality control certificate). The blank (A1) must be subtracted from all OD-values prior to the evaluation. Method 1: Qualitative Evaluation To fix the cut-off ranges please multiply the mean value of the measured standard-OD with the numerical data of the certificate of quality control (see special case formulas), e.g.: OD = 0.502 x MW (STD) with upper cut-off OD = 0.352 x MW (STD) with lower cut-off If the measured mean absorbance value of the standard serum is 0.64, the range of the cut-off is in between 0.225-0.321. Method 2: Continuous determination of antibody activities using the standard curve. So called interassay variations (day to day deviations and laboratory to laboratory deviations) are compensated by multiplication of the current measured value obtained with a sample with the correction factor F. This factor is calculated as follows: The procedure is necessary to adjust the current level of the test of the user with the lotspecific standard curve. First, daily deviations have to be corrected by calculating a factor (correction factor F): 1. The mean of the two OD-values of the standard serum has to be calculated and checked that it is within the given validity range. 2. Calculation of the factor "F": the given reference value is divided by the mean of the extinction of the standard serum: F = reference value extinction standard serum / mean value extinction standard serum. 3. All measured values of samples are multiplied by "F". 4. Antibody activities in IU/ml or U/ml can be determined from the standard curve with the corrected values.

Evidence of deterioration Only use ELISA reagents for test procedure, since all reagents are matched. In particular standard and control sera are defined exclusively for the test kit to be used. Do not use them in other lots. There are three different conjugate concentrations for each immunoglobulin class: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH The classification is written on each label as follows: e.g. IgG + lowly concentrated IgG conjugate IgG ++ medium concentrated IgG conjugate IgG +++ highly concentrated IgG conjugate In rare cases the use of special conjugate is necessary to guarantee consistent quality for our products. Special conjugates are produced in a separate lot and do not carry the "+" sign. Therefore, special conjugates are not exchangeable with other conjugates. Please pay close attention to notifications on labels! Unopened, all components of the ELISA kits may be used up to the dates given on the labels, if stored at +2°C to +8°C. Complete stability and storage data are described under "Storage". Each reagent has been calibrated and optimized for the test. Dilution or alteration of these reagents may result in a loss of sensitivity. Avoid exposure of reagents to strong light during storage and incubation. Reagents must be tightly closed to avoid evaporation and contamination with microorganisms since incorrect test results could occur due to interference from proteolytic enzymes. To open the press-seal bag please cut off the top of the marked side, only. Do not use the strips if the aluminum bag is damaged or if the press-seal bag with remaining strips and desiccant was not properly closed. Bring all reagents to room temperature before testing. Use aseptic techniques for removing aliquots from the reagent tubes to avoid contamination. To avoid false positive results ensure not to contact or sprinkle the topwalls of wells while pipetting conjugate. Take care not to mix the caps of the bottles and/or vials. Reproducibility is dependent on thorough mixing of the reagents. Shake the flasks containing control sera before use and also all samples after dilution (e.g. by using a vortex mixer). Be sure to pipette carefully and comply with the given incubation times and temperatures. Significant time differences between pipetting the first and last well of the microtiter plate when filling samples/control sera, conjugate or substrate may result in different "pre incubation" times, which may influence the precision and reproducibility of the results. Optimum results can only be achieved if ELISA instructions are followed strictly. The test is not valid, if the lot-specific validation criteria on the quality control certifcate are not fulfilled. Inadequate washing will affect the test results: The washing procedure should be carried out carefully. If the washing procedure is carried out automatically follow the instruction manual of the respective washer. Flat bottom wells are used for ELISA. All wells should be filled with equal volumes of washing buffer. At the end of the procedure ensure that the wells are free of all washing buffer by tapping the inverted microtest plate on a paper towel. Avoid foam! Do not scratch coated wells during washing and aspiration. If using an automated washer, ensure it is operating correctly. Statements of warning The ELISA only designed for qualified personnel who are familiar with good laboratory practice. All kit reagents and human specimens should be handled carefully, using established good laboratory practice. 1. This kit contains human blood components. Although all control- and cut-off-sera have been tested and found negative for HBs-Ag-, HCV- and HIV-antibodies, they should be considered potentially infectious. 2. Do not pipette by mouth. 3. Do not smoke, eat or drink in areas in which specimens or kit reagents are handled. 4. Wear disposable gloves, laboratory coat and safety glasses while handling kit reagents or specimens. Wash hands thoroughly afterwards. 5. Samples and other potentially infectious material should be decontaminated after the test run. 6. Reagents should be stored safely and be unaccessible to unauthorized access e.g. children. 7. Stopping solution: corrosive (C); causes acid burn (R34) use safety glasses, gloves and laboratory coat while handling!

ELISA Toxoplasma gondii IgM are quantitative and qualitative tests for detection of human antibodies in serum or plasma against Toxoplasma gondii. For sale in the U.S. for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

1. Break apart microtiter test strips each with 8 antigen coated single wells (altogether 96), 1 frame the coating material is inactivated, 12 2. Standard serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV-Ab, anti-HBs-Ag (Hepatitis B-Virus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV-Ab; preservative: 3. Negative control serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV, anti-HBs (Hepatitis BVirus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV; preservative: 4. Anti-human-IgM-conjugate (ready-to-use), Anti-human-IgM from goat (polyclonal), conjugated to alkaline phosphatase, stabilized with protein stabilization solution, preservative: 0.01 % methylisothiazolone, 0.01 % bromnitrodioxane. 13 ml 5. Washing solution concentrate (sufficient for 1 litre), Sodium chloride solution with Tween 20, 30 mM Tris, preservative: 6. Dilution buffer, Phosphate buffer with protein and Tween 20; preservative: 7. Stopping solution, 1.2 N sodium hydroxide. 15 ml 8. Substrate (ready-to-use), Para-nitrophenylphosphate, solvent free buffer, preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, (Substrate in unopened bottle may have a slightly yellow color. This does not reduce the quality of the product!). 13 ml

See the individual product datasheet

See the individual product datasheet

See the individual product datasheet

See the individual product datasheet

See the individual product datasheet